Writing Linear Equations

Learn to write linear equations from given information like slope, points, or real-world situations.

Intermediate25 minLesson

Definition

Writing linear equations means creating an equation in the form (or equivalent) from given information.
To write a linear equation, you need:
  • The slope () - how steep the line is
  • A point on the line - or the y-intercept ()
Once you identify the slope and a point, you can write the equation!

Try it now

What is the equation of a line with slope and y-intercept ?

Worked Examples

Write the equation of a line with slope and y-intercept .

1

Identify the slope

Slope is 3

2

Identify the y-intercept

Y-intercept is

3

Substitute into slope-intercept form

Common Mistakes

Confusing slope and y-intercept positions

Why it's wrong: In , the coefficient of is ALWAYS the slope, and the constant is ALWAYS the y-intercept.

Correct: Remember: multiplies (slope), stands alone (y-intercept). In , the slope is 3, not 5!

Calculating slope as

Why it's wrong: This gives the reciprocal of the correct slope!

Correct: Slope is always (y's on top, x's on bottom)

Forgetting to distribute negative slopes

Why it's wrong: When and the point is : becomes , not

Correct: A negative times a negative is positive:

Using inconsistent points in slope formula

Why it's wrong: Switching the order of points mid-calculation gives wrong answers.

Correct: If you start with , use that consistently:

Interactive Visual

Linear Function Explorer

y = x
Slope (m)1
Y-Intercept (b)0
b
run
rise
xy
-2-2
-1-1
00
11
22

Interactive Sandbox

Interactive Grapher

Try these examples:

y = 2x + 1

m=2, b=1

Expression Calculator

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History

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Practice Problems

16 problems
Problem 1 of 16
Easy

What is the equation of a line with slope and y-intercept ?

Why It Matters

Writing linear equations is a fundamental skill that connects algebra to the real world:
  • Business: A company charges 50 dollars per hour plus a 100 dollar service fee:
  • Science: Temperature drops 2 degrees every hour from an initial 20 degrees:
  • Finance: You save 25 dollars per week starting with 150 dollars:
  • Sports: A runner covers 8 meters per second:
Mastering this skill lets you model and predict real-world relationships mathematically!

Real World Applications

Cell Phone Plans

Phone companies use linear equations to calculate monthly bills with base fees and per-unit charges.

Example:

A plan costs 30 dollars per month plus 0.10 dollars per text. The equation is .

1Try It Yourself

A streaming service charges 12 dollars per month plus 3 dollars for each premium movie rental.

Write an equation for the monthly cost based on premium rentals.

Step 1: Write the mathematical expression

Let be the number of rentals. Write the cost equation:

Science Experiments

Scientists use linear equations to model relationships like temperature changes or distance traveled.

Example:

Water cools by 5 degrees per minute from an initial 80 degrees:

2Try It Yourself

A candle loses 2 centimeters of height per hour. It starts at 20 cm tall.

Write an equation for the candle's height after hours.

Step 1: Write the mathematical expression

Height equation:

Savings Goals

Linear equations help track savings progress toward financial goals.

Example:

Starting with 200 dollars and saving 50 dollars weekly:

3Try It Yourself

You have 75 euros saved and add 15 euros each week from your allowance.

Write an equation for your total savings after weeks.

Step 1: Write the mathematical expression

Savings equation:

Key Takeaways

  • 1Use when you know the slope and y-intercept directly
  • 2Use point-slope form when you know a point and slope
  • 3Calculate slope from two points:
  • 4From tables: slope is the constant change in divided by change in
  • 5In word problems: the rate is the slope, the starting value is the y-intercept

Frequently Asked Questions

If you know the y-intercept, use slope-intercept (). If you only know a point that's not on the y-axis, point-slope () is easier. Both give the same line!
If you know the y-intercept, use slope-intercept (). If you only know a point that's not on the y-axis, point-slope () is easier. Both give the same line!
Different points give equations that look different but represent the same line. For example, using points and with slope 3: and both simplify to .
Substitute a known point into your equation. If both sides are equal, you're correct! For example, if your line passes through and your equation is , check:

Glossary

Slope-intercept form
The equation where is the slope and is the y-intercept
Point-slope form
The equation using slope and point
Y-intercept
The point where the line crosses the y-axis; the value of when
Rate of change
Another name for slope; how much changes for each unit change in

Formula Card

Slope-Intercept Form

Use when you know the slope and y-intercept

Point-Slope Form

Use when you know a point and the slope

Slope Formula

Calculate slope from two points

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